{"id":"W4403401760","doi":"10.1007/s00500-024-10172-9","title":"Retraction Note: Coopetition analysis in industry upgrade and urban expansion based on fractional derivative gray Lotka–Volterra model","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soft Computing","topic":"Business Strategy and Innovation","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":true,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Gray (unit); Coopetition; Upgrade; Volterra equations; Derivative (finance); Fractional calculus; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Computer science; Econometrics; Business; Industrial organization; Applied mathematics; Economics; Mathematical economics; Nonlinear system; Financial economics; Game theory; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02142667534474988,"score_gpt":0.2607070294327642,"score_spread":0.2392803540880143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}