{"id":"W4403411455","doi":"10.5539/apr.v16n2p45","title":"Why Abandon the Big Bang Theory — Science and Theology in Astronomical Cosmology","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Research","topic":"History and Developments in Astronomy","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cosmology; Physics; Big Bang (financial markets); Ultimate fate of the universe; Theoretical physics; Astrophysics; Astronomy; Physical cosmology; Dark energy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01208967,0.0005268003,0.0006771765,0.001334535,0.005637513,0.008047331,0.00149693,0.009250944,0.004261821],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02064373,0.000435863,0.0006408799,0.001157152,0.03286701,0.02342927,0.003766557,0.02380814,0.001865092],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005536674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004803731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007812654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006128814,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9922885,0.004233654,0.0003513729,0.0006026663,0.001849617,0.0006742479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9867872,0.007110127,0.0007354034,0.0006517806,0.00319064,0.00152485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005314597,0.00005342211,0.002123127,0.0002803724,0.000023126,0.0004709189,0.01598771,0.0001066737,0.0003440962,0.7277411,0.2280536,0.02476258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003081118,0.00003978193,0.001007954,0.0006240232,0.00001101353,0.0005166065,0.0117362,0.0002648205,0.0002116482,0.4974645,0.4880315,0.00006116542],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.004638358,0.02282076,0.003301716,0.9345201,0.01539404,0.00002892226,0.00003446928,0.00005284723,0.01920889],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2674326,0.02869861,0.01007862,0.6472776,0.01685895,0.0001244855,0.0000801779,0.0003678041,0.02908113],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01208967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06393707,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03507290091100549,"score_gpt":0.326272780654722,"score_spread":0.2911998797437165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}