{"id":"W4403463263","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c07016","title":"Characterizing the Areal Extent of PFAS Contamination in Fish Species Downgradient of AFFF Source Zones","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Contamination; Environmental science; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Groundwater; Environmental chemistry; Water source; Groundwater contamination; Water pollution; Environmental engineering; Water resource management; Aquifer; Geology; Fishery; Chemistry; Ecology; Biology; Geotechnical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009201215,0.0001765225,0.0001560475,0.00083657,0.000368845,0.000267109,0.0001611406,0.0002524538,0.0008059262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002088652,0.0001380145,0.0001528975,0.0005516168,0.0003263459,0.0003132343,0.0004401183,0.0001556362,0.0001581647],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003224617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002505627,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01078916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02139488,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998522,0.000008224255,0.00000681517,0.00007732774,0.00003081149,0.00002462271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998167,0.00001416014,0.00008430379,0.000008526178,0.00005290898,0.00002340199],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001036463,0.00002916241,0.7238345,0.00005149232,0.00004184791,0.0001194401,0.0006731238,0.000433917,0.2647268,0.00008805497,0.00007177837,0.009826204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001163462,0.00005543661,0.9928017,0.000003521015,0.0000127855,0.00007362881,0.0003002384,0.0003148456,0.00607959,0.00003477856,0.000318266,0.000004137221],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987642,0.00003829017,0.0005567232,0.000008950561,9.531617e-7,0.000006000149,0.0001819768,0.000009499451,0.0004335331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980094,0.00006112017,0.001068032,0.00001845436,0.000001747021,0.00001318498,0.0002730004,0.000004122066,0.0005509407],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01078916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02145272,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00906685488063771,"score_gpt":0.2323323190314256,"score_spread":0.2232654641507879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}