{"id":"W4403592127","doi":"10.1111/caje.12735","title":"Preferential trade liberalization with endogenous cartel discipline: Implications for trade and welfare","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cartel; International economics; Welfare; Economics; Free trade; International trade; Trade barrier; Liberalization; Market economy; Incentive","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00256681,0.0003489732,0.0007129436,0.0005050754,0.001178111,0.002666191,0.0008042185,0.00159106,0.007123567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007453345,0.0002729401,0.0007653039,0.000916877,0.003733195,0.002808128,0.002192819,0.001472211,0.0002198649],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002072843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001723931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003040713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002958315,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983459,0.0006403573,0.00004304138,0.0002315188,0.0002160212,0.0005232065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995342,0.00166834,0.001449972,0.0007299031,0.0003319806,0.0004777691],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002115152,0.0002562093,0.01016888,0.0001171489,0.00009535526,0.0005723002,0.0003544762,0.08597437,0.003945583,0.8791287,0.001568833,0.01760664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009999369,0.0001420325,0.007921124,0.00005443566,0.00005979614,0.0002728408,0.0007345752,0.06857836,0.001636764,0.915937,0.004540694,0.00002237129],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8362551,0.0004431267,0.07634838,0.002756576,0.00003886255,0.00009013798,0.0001631296,0.00007349106,0.08383119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944786,0.0001455848,0.003226379,0.0001730451,0.00001834166,0.00002835366,0.00001500201,0.000005369699,0.001909265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007123567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02383065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2403696328270551,"score_gpt":0.1903963195304774,"score_spread":0.0499733132965777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}