{"id":"W4403631428","doi":"10.2196/65521","title":"Understanding and Combating Misinformation: An Evolutionary Perspective","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Infodemiology","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Preprint; Misinformation; Perspective (graphical); Psychology; Computer science; Computer security; Artificial intelligence; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009208417,0.0007550771,0.0004838158,0.002711141,0.003657599,0.006775592,0.001952979,0.003482919,0.003404089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01929677,0.0003939767,0.0004399646,0.001426504,0.01669138,0.01107875,0.004407196,0.002643774,0.0004683352],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003409134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003318066,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002379922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002137169,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954005,0.002996204,0.0001350664,0.000575689,0.0004767285,0.0004158464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9905466,0.005254976,0.001282427,0.0005924965,0.00151817,0.0008054587],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009697796,0.0001882935,0.01764368,0.0005420657,0.00009658782,0.001322424,0.07340835,0.005667394,0.004141181,0.7412253,0.00170286,0.153965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003222996,0.0004303812,0.018025,0.001205767,0.0001347377,0.002471009,0.07270183,0.01380092,0.00374782,0.7160447,0.1712169,0.0001887325],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4396189,0.02513945,0.1549913,0.06738094,0.0004672946,0.0004183861,0.0001418044,0.0001482409,0.3116937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9332395,0.007552563,0.04687312,0.001418825,0.0001327339,0.0001063735,0.00007472446,0.00005712007,0.01054498],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009208417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04869932,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2304426430937286,"score_gpt":0.4388888683629363,"score_spread":0.2084462252692078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}