{"id":"W4403691460","doi":"10.1177/00238309241280182","title":"Cross-Linguistic Phonetic Variation in Bilingual Speech: Cantonese /n/ > [l] Merger in Early Cantonese–English Bilinguals","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Language and Speech","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Linguistics; Variation (astronomy); Psychology; Syllable","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001250135,0.0002825168,0.0004149428,0.0006957729,0.00006466966,0.0002014803,0.0002738726,0.0003677788,0.001612543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007615868,0.000261123,0.00006974343,0.001034723,0.000171831,0.00008209838,0.0001161166,0.0007913355,0.0002164292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009287667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002217599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04217595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01996954,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973153,0.0002469399,0.0005651003,0.0007980163,0.0003018951,0.0007727508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987218,0.0004721565,0.0000523884,0.0004855648,0.0001174138,0.000150655],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000448713,0.0005914238,0.1682193,0.0003696032,0.0001896335,0.02297541,0.6924485,0.00003112299,0.07789113,0.001756944,0.0003339458,0.0347443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002700307,0.000368961,0.9792904,0.0003072152,0.00005589714,0.0002915002,0.004371768,0.001429582,0.005191032,0.002279425,0.002774164,0.0009396981],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829209,0.008403198,0.000005399859,0.00008556838,0.002104694,0.0004028005,0.00006214409,0.000108154,0.005907139],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928372,0.0001569477,0.0001439586,0.00008569689,0.0006949668,0.00004050129,0.00003148563,0.00005615977,0.005953121],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8110712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999841,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01786842181947374,"score_gpt":0.355631545818166,"score_spread":0.3377631239986922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}