{"id":"W4403971338","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101444","title":"Fiscal externalities and underinvestment in early-life human capital: Optimal policy instruments for a developing country","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Economics & Human Biology","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Externality; Economics; Human capital; Fiscal policy; Capital (architecture); Developing country; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Public economics; Microeconomics; Market economy; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002908753,0.000720114,0.001752325,0.001165002,0.0008772484,0.003932902,0.0007103667,0.001656455,0.003663329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008325403,0.0005915992,0.0008943569,0.0008373549,0.002928082,0.001894408,0.00209954,0.002428657,0.0002572587],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004674407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00529875,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01396691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009199725,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990595,0.0004312832,0.00003414509,0.0001060257,0.00005476795,0.0003142668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957858,0.002263525,0.001043506,0.0001895474,0.0002673887,0.0004501831],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004796739,0.0003679433,0.01543805,0.0003791845,0.0002146946,0.0005091699,0.0002583149,0.5211961,0.001388713,0.4416753,0.004543383,0.01354945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006480683,0.0005144882,0.01897577,0.0004467202,0.0003783554,0.0002124751,0.001321648,0.3745675,0.002468542,0.5901881,0.01012931,0.000149054],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.829308,0.002991277,0.09509127,0.02269719,0.0002497548,0.000234946,0.001288605,0.000340271,0.04779872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990043,0.001156539,0.003536079,0.0004599552,0.00005136456,0.00008373539,0.00009793058,0.00002197397,0.004549415],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01396691,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03391534,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05270269173933622,"score_gpt":0.2793616738700598,"score_spread":0.2266589821307236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}