{"id":"W4403993659","doi":"10.1063/5.0238577","title":"Mode transitions and spoke structures in E×B Penning discharge","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Plasmas","topic":"Plasma Diagnostics and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; RES’EAU-WaterNET; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; CERN; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; University of Toronto; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Mode (computer interface); Physics; Atomic physics; Spoke-hub distribution paradigm; Engineering; Computer science; Operating system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003047553,0.0002980431,0.0005519571,0.0002793968,0.000830994,0.0008510152,0.0006867775,0.001023806,0.002368982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001088669,0.0003523644,0.0004749595,0.0004205229,0.0008620429,0.000577905,0.000680708,0.000822897,0.0001790951],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006463721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007997147,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00896042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003479254,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999042,0.00001879602,0.000003883557,0.00001201247,0.00002036075,0.00004074215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996719,0.0001464812,0.00003566867,0.00002537592,0.00004157098,0.00007899944],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001765575,0.00005939258,0.00371127,0.00005015423,0.00002865091,0.0003587944,0.0001829534,0.9828137,0.004674438,0.005582509,0.0005363982,0.001825119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005539587,0.00004825782,0.001139557,0.000004218869,0.000004451479,0.00003031046,0.0000675439,0.9968207,0.0005829438,0.000989644,0.0002462162,0.00001080409],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893857,0.00008066678,0.005463075,0.0001615013,0.00001947651,0.00002443754,0.000211621,0.000084078,0.004569544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965443,0.00006997822,0.002150334,0.00004500107,0.000005831227,0.00005207919,0.0002570272,0.00003881248,0.0008366775],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00896042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01781654,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006271950608230274,"score_gpt":0.2307623329706864,"score_spread":0.2244903823624562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}