{"id":"W4404136627","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2024.104358","title":"Exploring heat transfer in freezing supercooled water droplet through high-speed infrared thermography","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","topic":"Icing and De-icing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Supercooling; Thermography; Infrared; Heat transfer; Materials science; Water transfer; Environmental science; Meteorology; Thermodynamics; Optics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002384834,0.0001748175,0.0002141582,0.001547776,0.0002047058,0.00009968445,0.0003872093,0.0001808073,0.000003874524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003429538,0.0001322952,0.00003082689,0.003035219,0.001017498,0.0005917455,0.0001028669,0.000406645,0.0000123952],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007096088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003157051,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007487369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004153183,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987015,0.000007231654,0.000193116,0.000383575,0.0001629401,0.0005516656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995025,0.00003523763,0.000001824268,0.000385532,0.00004363534,0.00003123467],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003520064,0.00002098988,0.000699779,0.0001021153,0.00002459604,0.0001249207,0.002332171,0.0004689552,0.8389738,0.1466154,0.0003526878,0.01028117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002394918,0.00008068533,0.0001763746,0.0002598586,0.00001362961,0.00004825844,0.001408,0.004980789,0.9737572,0.01314991,0.005586428,0.000299388],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9887525,0.0006952921,0.003717575,0.002455635,0.0004049857,0.0001664611,0.000002085817,0.003148461,0.0006569751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984058,0.001047955,0.000385495,0.00003374412,0.00001838729,0.00006308686,9.319455e-7,0.00002352608,0.00002106441],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1347834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5394843,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03462394306757186,"score_gpt":0.2185063783449838,"score_spread":0.1838824352774119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}