{"id":"W4404209919","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stae2537","title":"Ionizing properties of galaxies in JADES for a stellar mass complete sample: resolving the cosmic ionizing photon budget crisis at the Epoch of Reionization","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Science and Technology Facilities Council; European Commission; Royal Society; University of Arizona; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Epoch (astronomy); Galaxy; Astronomy; Astrophysics; Ionizing radiation; COSMIC cancer database; Background radiation; Photon; Sample (material); Cosmic ray; Radiation; Nuclear physics; Optics; Irradiation","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005414506,0.0003744447,0.000370022,0.001646236,0.0003179523,0.0007543335,0.0003112161,0.0003444136,0.0007112473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008363676,0.0002148654,0.000510763,0.0008252925,0.0002942145,0.0003352817,0.0005497634,0.0003095162,0.0005158313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002602358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001418175,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005889745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009270821,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997223,0.0000395522,0.00002194427,0.00008956615,0.00006408138,0.00006257414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998825,0.0001251002,0.0003768508,0.0002348706,0.0001098062,0.0003283655],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001240832,0.00007493864,0.9920254,0.000005790321,0.00007945205,0.00008113663,0.000173781,0.0004430217,0.004515572,0.00006413884,0.0003159564,0.002096736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002769846,0.00002197653,0.9990618,0.000001022831,0.000008405864,0.00005433746,0.00005851505,0.0003694514,0.0002382811,0.000008566171,0.0001726197,0.000002304404],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999255,0.00001553933,0.00006246715,0.000009616464,7.868346e-7,0.000002011941,0.0004898958,0.00001169776,0.00015294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994971,0.00002668816,0.0003109932,0.00002173422,0.000005182906,0.000007948785,0.004328615,0.0000135167,0.0003141422],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005889745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01171094,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02155561102881975,"score_gpt":0.2406895304038614,"score_spread":0.2191339193750417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}