{"id":"W4404298875","doi":"10.1007/s40831-024-00950-y","title":"A Review of Direct Reduction–Magnetic Separation Process for Ferronickel Production from Nickel Laterite","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy","topic":"Metal Extraction and Bioleaching","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ferroalloy; Laterite; Nickel; Reduction (mathematics); Production (economics); Process (computing); Process engineering; Materials science; Metallurgy; Computer science; Mathematics; Engineering; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004247133,0.000931976,0.001358868,0.002018394,0.0002652963,0.0007413123,0.0007557318,0.0007034878,0.002688787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000462367,0.0004514591,0.0006633423,0.002255494,0.0002567897,0.001049828,0.0004697248,0.0009066141,0.001051828],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002932719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000765769,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000944904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002111834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99983,0.00001644718,0.0000298398,0.00004031911,0.00006793155,0.00001546186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998075,0.0000886141,0.00003825261,0.000007973694,0.00004685332,0.00001083067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001130052,0.0001818284,0.0001755491,0.07656295,0.000290142,0.0002509237,0.00007049698,0.000670195,0.01779243,0.003596944,0.02004404,0.8802515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002696081,0.0003537688,0.001103185,0.003760255,0.0003571426,0.0007535237,0.00005544284,0.0002362046,0.006377536,0.001129237,0.9857983,0.00004841385],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004620316,0.997801,0.0003244021,0.0001090384,0.000190172,0.000009451832,0.00003582241,0.000009579696,0.001058579],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001993525,0.9961244,0.0005299735,0.0001287705,0.0001050342,0.000009982121,0.00005621831,0.000002990717,0.001049072],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002688787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008994937,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03711119154470219,"score_gpt":0.3511227029752232,"score_spread":0.314011511430521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}