{"id":"W4404405372","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.07280","title":"The Variability Structure Function of the Highest-Luminosity Quasars on Short Timescales","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of Colorado Boulder; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; Office of Science; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; National Science and Technology Council; National Taiwan University; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik; Nuclear Safety and Security Commission; Queen's University Belfast; University of Oxford; Ministry of Education, India; York University; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Space Telescope Science Institute; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; University of Notre Dame; Carnegie Mellon University; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; University of Washington; European Space Agency; Johns Hopkins University; Carnegie Institution of Washington; University of Utah; Queen's University; Ohio State University; U.S. Department of Energy; Smithsonian Institution; New Mexico State University; University of Portsmouth; Vanderbilt University; Yale University; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Academia Sinica","keywords":"Quasar; Astrophysics; Function (biology); Physics; Luminosity function; Luminosity; Statistical physics; Galaxy; Biology; Evolutionary biology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001186061,0.0001748949,0.0001454935,0.00003862594,0.0001273329,0.00003399731,0.0003425728,0.0001761367,0.00002899992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001234471,0.0001260658,0.000158943,0.0001927745,0.0001210087,0.00005640242,0.000291741,0.0005587487,0.00001095106],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002619897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004162232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000395627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005095013,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992747,0.00006613344,0.000176009,0.0002916719,0.00006120265,0.0001302384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992164,0.0000913847,0.0000529086,0.000559992,0.00004499235,0.00003432766],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003725643,0.0000228567,0.01604487,0.0001107129,0.0001763082,7.447001e-7,0.00004353008,0.9434569,0.0004456458,0.03573804,0.0006257824,0.003297345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000189651,0.00006382414,0.3587773,0.0001424358,0.0004216483,3.531609e-7,0.0001093152,0.5745625,0.003341296,0.05984662,0.00214293,0.0004021241],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909282,0.00001286083,0.005566793,0.00007013164,0.001238766,0.0002553258,0.00009644487,0.00009146734,0.001739962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999656,0.00002414602,0.00004434862,0.000008587026,0.00006585112,8.841936e-7,0.00002811897,0.00001603168,0.0001560263],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3688944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5140815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02912772038474062,"score_gpt":0.159389131990173,"score_spread":0.1302614116054324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}