{"id":"W4405104504","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2408676121","title":"Dynamical theory of complex systems with two-way micro–macro causation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Statistical physics; Non-equilibrium thermodynamics; State variable; Microscale chemistry; Dynamical systems theory; Complex system; Variable (mathematics); Causation; Inference; Intermittency; Computer science; Mathematics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001511937,0.0006283817,0.0007251971,0.001089261,0.0006506831,0.001857576,0.00111674,0.001008049,0.003449676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003349279,0.0003336622,0.001205864,0.0007868711,0.002894673,0.002605933,0.001527096,0.001739493,0.0003794562],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001622781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001038316,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003173881,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00174027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993585,0.0002491017,0.0000301437,0.0001402494,0.0001702161,0.00005178357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982324,0.001112688,0.0002679394,0.0001550833,0.0001478245,0.00008403874],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004428858,0.000006738155,0.0004941477,0.00003868332,0.00003149176,0.00005310205,0.00009323958,0.05225398,0.0002488956,0.9424875,0.0005549288,0.003732839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006687644,0.00001494915,0.0004365221,0.00001564375,0.000009555456,0.00005084153,0.00002401639,0.2109342,0.00005134595,0.7858348,0.002607546,0.00001378748],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01904885,0.001967142,0.9599496,0.00296685,0.0001513745,0.00005575846,0.0002645394,0.0001217004,0.01547414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8434436,0.003873253,0.1410628,0.000827514,0.0006490893,0.0004175099,0.0002920003,0.00007489074,0.009359286],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003449676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01177418,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02100215015076319,"score_gpt":0.2711364706642621,"score_spread":0.2501343205134989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}