{"id":"W4405375359","doi":"10.2147/por.s478721","title":"Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry in US Primary Care Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"TD Bank Group; University of Toronto","funders":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; Boehringer Ingelheim","keywords":"Spirometry; Medicine; Pulmonary disease; Primary care; Internal medicine; Disease; Cardiology; Intensive care medicine; Asthma; Family medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000800747,0.0003243673,0.0004309946,0.0008138985,0.0002664085,0.0001878342,0.0002659978,0.0001267098,0.0003474905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009845012,0.0002637843,0.0001030252,0.001827739,0.0005716382,0.000630934,0.0003593361,0.000935342,0.0000566797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002475454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003593618,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000237231,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007914067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9948186,0.0004269505,0.0005101963,0.0009098577,0.002493595,0.0008408477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963561,0.00143753,0.00005557561,0.0005271633,0.0009601081,0.0006635347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001229018,0.0004611599,0.9681267,0.01163067,0.0001440087,0.001351653,0.0004174999,0.00006876628,0.0002723316,0.001842315,0.0002758638,0.01418007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002045383,0.0002735871,0.9813446,0.001558479,0.00006130501,0.00001344414,0.0003964454,0.01159226,0.00002367038,0.001716326,0.0007160023,0.0002585091],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793801,0.01397006,0.00004190027,0.001136242,0.00007622056,0.002900027,0.000291061,0.00007971599,0.002124669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947609,0.000298078,0.0004042964,0.0000856755,0.0002300744,0.000942653,0.002168806,0.00007738839,0.001032074],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01538085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04289931891667078,"score_gpt":0.3281710774625637,"score_spread":0.2852717585458929,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}