{"id":"W4405483945","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00732","title":"Reducing the Uncertainty of Microplastic Identification and the Preferred Use of the Varnish clam (<i>Nuttallia obscurata</i>) as Compared to Other Bivalves as a Biomonitor of Plastic Pollution","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microplastics; Bioindicator; Biomonitoring; Environmental science; Pollution; Plastic pollution; Varnish; Marine debris; Identification (biology); Environmental chemistry; Fishery; Ecology; Biology; Oceanography; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00129454,0.0008701456,0.000418567,0.001490195,0.0004008709,0.001331013,0.0004158587,0.0005706784,0.001059582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002540704,0.0002401423,0.0003241526,0.0006645198,0.0005220099,0.0007060731,0.001007095,0.0004109004,0.0004001285],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003039154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004536272,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00114071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005004454,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987166,0.0002341141,0.00009629416,0.0004307616,0.0004355434,0.00008671704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985874,0.0003942485,0.0004116166,0.0001853098,0.0003554186,0.00006600963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001364634,0.00006148824,0.01131652,0.0001121141,0.00004457633,0.00005349879,0.0001044822,0.0007545791,0.9698289,0.0001065242,0.00004223982,0.01743865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005422311,0.000402149,0.04868865,0.00004829204,0.00008221737,0.0004503879,0.0001832764,0.00646575,0.9413037,0.0002954984,0.002038046,0.00003654035],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.944819,0.000819642,0.05088805,0.0001067288,0.0000226066,0.00008968121,0.000482825,0.0002636961,0.002507692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9448518,0.0007062618,0.05253439,0.0001278937,0.00001003538,0.00008203863,0.0004737983,0.00007854969,0.001135147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001490195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006846249,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01635044741616482,"score_gpt":0.2366829451215021,"score_spread":0.2203324977053373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}