{"id":"W4405483945","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00732","title":"Reducing the Uncertainty of Microplastic Identification and the Preferred Use of the Varnish clam (<i>Nuttallia obscurata</i>) as Compared to Other Bivalves as a Biomonitor of Plastic Pollution","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microplastics; Bioindicator; Biomonitoring; Environmental science; Pollution; Plastic pollution; Varnish; Marine debris; Identification (biology); Environmental chemistry; Fishery; Ecology; Biology; Oceanography; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004097607,0.0001569557,0.0001875116,0.00004902286,0.0001487256,0.0000844771,0.000296793,0.0000655706,0.0001398633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003167666,0.00006938036,0.00009269841,0.0002649534,0.0006960478,0.0001285372,0.000242124,0.0001250897,0.0001047884],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005570168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002703022,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002276184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001865372,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985676,0.0001850074,0.0004463546,0.0002699615,0.0003207807,0.0002102988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988681,0.0005330605,0.0001476973,0.0003791296,0.00002852333,0.00004348723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002469521,0.00004258471,0.0008794082,0.00005885869,0.00007671563,2.685246e-7,0.003376233,0.01671259,0.976182,0.0006001193,0.001536312,0.0002879587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001372399,0.0002115729,0.1126182,0.000822233,0.000688786,0.00004198786,0.0005483357,0.02072898,0.8386573,0.003101235,0.02074694,0.0004620914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965393,0.00007802662,0.001303423,0.0005737302,0.0008573883,0.0004431279,0.0001415015,0.00001253045,0.00005095084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992679,0.00002310971,0.00006438275,0.00005722243,0.00005203186,0.00001640676,0.00001039608,0.00001571334,0.0004927811],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1375248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3440924,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01635044741616482,"score_gpt":0.2366829451215021,"score_spread":0.2203324977053373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}