{"id":"W4405498421","doi":"10.1063/5.0246548","title":"The effects of micro-fractures and mixed wettability on oil/water imbibition in porous media","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum, Beijing; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Imbibition; Physics; Wetting; Porous medium; Petroleum engineering; Porosity; Mechanics; Composite material; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001286227,0.00009332867,0.000135932,0.00003609303,0.00001071112,0.00001269166,0.00006695058,0.00004651846,0.000001519131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004173535,0.00006289682,0.00003808884,0.00007723115,0.00005574218,0.00008132382,0.00002081537,0.0001267364,0.000001789132],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003193866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004913612,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001936376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001466239,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995174,0.00002311172,0.000148839,0.0001026752,0.00009524487,0.0001127218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993086,0.0004902738,0.00000897922,0.0001609748,0.00001705458,0.00001405806],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009964168,0.00002000716,0.00005830832,0.0007195046,0.00001587,0.000001599642,0.0004370195,0.00008574793,0.9203035,0.0004543763,0.0002467333,0.07764743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007150432,0.00004796187,0.002017637,0.0002341144,0.000007417544,3.273821e-7,0.000005215088,0.0003458798,0.9797314,0.01735206,0.0001226942,0.00006374764],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971715,0.001596377,0.0003295675,0.00002891061,0.0002403904,0.000064058,0.00000780902,0.0001018056,0.0004595812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991308,0.0005178654,0.0002543815,0.000006954427,0.0000420452,0.00001841428,0.000005736182,0.0000181626,0.000005672736],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07758369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2564858,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003653323160801808,"score_gpt":0.2201883261826544,"score_spread":0.2165350030218526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}