{"id":"W4405800485","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-69561-2_13","title":"Causality in Empirical Analyses with Emphasis on Asymmetric Information and Risk Management","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Risk Management in Financial Firms","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Causality (physics); Emphasis (telecommunications); Risk analysis (engineering); Data science; Computer science; Management science; Business; Economics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009016057,0.001246436,0.001109005,0.004169351,0.0009707716,0.004423802,0.001472261,0.001875116,0.01863819],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04310759,0.0008769947,0.0007906356,0.00858918,0.006256408,0.008646119,0.001812499,0.002982518,0.001687143],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001284865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002456288,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001888381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002887781,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9946443,0.003682121,0.0002472938,0.0002979694,0.0009902605,0.0001379958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.932223,0.06345042,0.00174306,0.001358291,0.001048338,0.0001768674],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001038384,0.00005500135,0.001887389,0.000281523,0.00004931592,0.0001362907,0.0003080241,0.001671104,0.0000383073,0.9430812,0.01667032,0.03581129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003203923,0.000004819061,0.000588841,0.0001465213,0.00002213234,0.00004985512,0.0001415923,0.001571624,0.00006048801,0.9877842,0.009621519,0.000005330207],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.01781333,0.1838127,0.4998242,0.0398969,0.004584702,0.0002285881,0.001185733,0.0004818897,0.252172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5170449,0.207885,0.09839068,0.008404247,0.01311842,0.0007351012,0.001468406,0.0007672136,0.152186],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01863819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06235099,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04066709177023043,"score_gpt":0.2873532510761814,"score_spread":0.246686159305951,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}