{"id":"W4406023281","doi":"10.1093/oxfclm/kgae024","title":"Solving climate change requires changing our food systems","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Oxford Open Climate Change","topic":"Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Food systems; Climate change; Agriculture; Sustainability; Food processing; Natural resource economics; Greenhouse gas; Mindset; Global warming; Sustainable agriculture; Business; Food security; Subsidy; Environmental resource management; Economics; Political science; Ecology; Computer science; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001015021,0.0004464184,0.0004880486,0.0001221446,0.0009429296,0.0004815304,0.00105062,0.0002098089,0.0004196132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004139832,0.0003660687,0.0001410695,0.0007492578,0.0001066952,0.002109166,0.003908762,0.0002509156,0.000313312],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008439313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006422911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008848828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005239485,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966884,0.0001295969,0.0004562942,0.0007872115,0.0003724615,0.001566085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988809,0.00004092123,0.0002165311,0.0006237459,0.00001128562,0.0002265852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000748423,0.001968798,0.7292129,0.003552788,0.0003198562,0.0002729367,0.03676856,0.0004797895,0.003610734,0.02635637,0.01547223,0.1812367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004059158,0.001679712,0.5527211,0.002676959,0.0003971326,0.0001080432,0.1292959,0.004308443,0.001250185,0.001984722,0.2978539,0.00366481],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.784348,0.001500683,0.00009780594,0.008678426,0.002161055,0.00777195,0.000391422,0.0004012662,0.1946494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938912,0.001555174,0.0001850105,0.001585085,0.0003077598,0.001259115,0.00006957762,0.0000445456,0.001102533],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2823816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998791,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05223125362984447,"score_gpt":0.2998678696589145,"score_spread":0.24763661602907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}