{"id":"W4406101435","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13463","title":"Groundwater Ages in Intertill and Buried Valley Aquifers in Saskatchewan, Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ground Water","topic":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Commission Géologique du Canada; Global Water Futures; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aquifer; Groundwater; Geology; Hydrology (agriculture); Water resource management; Environmental science; Geotechnical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002253208,0.000195244,0.0002349054,0.0001244226,0.00006322512,0.0001221546,0.0001983715,0.00008998838,0.0006083713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000658242,0.0001351141,0.00002651312,0.0001348968,0.00007233859,0.0002264137,0.00004687735,0.0002072796,0.00002142979],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004025568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009855173,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.890906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9842957,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985937,0.0000582085,0.0003067004,0.0003649482,0.0001475259,0.0005288859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996582,0.00004414823,0.00001714892,0.0001848256,0.00001573524,0.00007998932],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009439189,0.00002421806,0.9894581,0.00008966379,0.00002012035,0.0001429953,0.001875453,0.00007980101,0.0006190437,0.000006241619,0.001162263,0.006427721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009372974,0.0000376634,0.9736729,0.00007841527,0.000009519218,0.00001675272,0.003397462,0.0003116179,0.004664955,0.001760992,0.01477464,0.0003377469],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930454,0.0002291232,0.00001192728,0.00102847,0.000327193,0.0001368944,0.000008401608,0.00001600397,0.005196619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926811,0.00001192205,0.00004082746,0.0009136201,0.00003861486,0.000004509123,0.0001281607,0.000003905283,0.006177362],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09338969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6661239,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004391220264874765,"score_gpt":0.1762853391042945,"score_spread":0.1718941188394197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}