{"id":"W4406102737","doi":"10.1063/5.0245556","title":"Air–water interaction in a partially filled circular pipe","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Water Systems and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Air water; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Aerospace engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000484184,0.00006417538,0.0001190019,0.00005261006,0.000009233862,0.000008975953,0.00005168356,0.00003068248,0.00001496316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000362371,0.00005664886,0.00003549206,0.0001057237,0.000006115682,0.0001270103,0.00001438048,0.00004938176,0.0000145135],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003559111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006314512,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004717318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003081742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996032,0.00001120738,0.0001702742,0.00007030874,0.00005151287,0.00009354253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998292,0.000006925951,0.000008005977,0.000115228,0.00002776091,0.00001293219],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001354067,0.00005418547,0.002207486,0.0003049573,0.0000622852,0.000002067566,0.001046174,0.7934062,0.199002,0.0009617485,0.001861607,0.001077722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006159655,0.00001973535,0.002321173,0.0001886494,0.00001895293,4.591954e-7,0.00004627559,0.3807136,0.6098037,0.001477039,0.004629831,0.0001646354],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6788589,0.0001570308,0.3062337,0.0001069476,0.001060997,0.0002445401,0.000003606272,0.0001424622,0.01319176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953,0.000007730938,0.0001543299,0.00001595199,0.0000536284,0.00001488769,0.00001351231,0.000008978232,0.0002010409],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4126926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2310074,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008071525215209817,"score_gpt":0.2128095298655701,"score_spread":0.2047380046503603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}