{"id":"W4406117396","doi":"10.35848/1347-4065/ada659","title":"Thermal stability enhancement in perovskite solar cells using W-doped ZnO/single crystalline anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticle bilayer","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Japanese Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Bilayer; Materials science; Anatase; Annealing (glass); Doping; Perovskite (structure); Energy conversion efficiency; Thermal stability; Chemical engineering; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Photocatalysis; Composite material; Catalysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000709239,0.0001711557,0.0001888967,0.00009848124,0.00014167,0.0002881473,0.0001557566,0.000174847,0.0004489583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001617449,0.0001611596,0.0001602849,0.0001344854,0.0001239756,0.0003110417,0.0001505348,0.0002671683,0.0001420345],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001852362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000121771,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009306246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001506788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999434,0.000004107566,0.000004230802,0.00001709964,0.00001710822,0.00001410334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999941,0.0000105725,0.00001431745,0.000004828087,0.00002182026,0.000007541304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002219984,0.00000575868,0.00008976088,0.0000122202,0.000002266903,0.00001386689,0.000006950589,0.0001014182,0.9991803,0.0000210495,0.000009993149,0.0005342524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005450663,0.00003926985,0.0006559798,0.000002451701,0.000008599861,0.00003187706,0.00001671662,0.002783889,0.9962444,0.00001217252,0.0001960052,0.000003131593],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997421,0.0003777044,0.001668014,0.000028435,0.00001496554,0.000004783667,0.00005472555,0.00004305485,0.0003873154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981957,0.0001976418,0.001264549,0.000009113979,0.000003213937,0.000004797218,0.00003022068,0.000007590044,0.0002870736],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009306246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001850367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01474022639529926,"score_gpt":0.222072848436543,"score_spread":0.2073326220412438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}