{"id":"W4406117805","doi":"10.31216/bdl.20240030","title":"Comparative Analysis of PISA 2018 Science Achievement of High and Low Performers in Korea, Canada, and Taiwan","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Institute of Brain-based Education Korea National University of Education","topic":"Education, Safety, and Science Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001157525,0.0002954829,0.000342098,0.002693883,0.001080773,0.001685237,0.0005107581,0.0002830796,0.002305244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004315651,0.0001464536,0.0003870783,0.002570965,0.0007239963,0.0004714635,0.001226684,0.0004685051,0.0005133232],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001742348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004582315,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2206245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.342634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989943,0.0000711848,0.000118512,0.0001240719,0.0004236016,0.0002684054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945282,0.0005046288,0.0009636598,0.0001910509,0.002342046,0.001470311],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005136746,0.00006597889,0.9865823,0.00003581932,0.00003682189,0.0001310806,0.002713025,0.00006828857,0.0005634345,0.0001496799,0.0003510183,0.00925117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001996731,0.00004778134,0.9955252,0.000009856016,0.00001115226,0.00005104549,0.003298072,0.0001288137,0.0002242958,0.00003226764,0.0006624587,0.000006979497],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972569,0.00004312642,0.0000522818,0.0000477325,0.000003769581,0.000008010214,0.0002052625,0.000005422981,0.002377469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979833,0.00006229699,0.0001060938,0.00001337278,0.000001846522,0.000008545401,0.0004347575,0.000003743263,0.001385997],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9982576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4386807,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01870669020283566,"score_gpt":0.3028582038020866,"score_spread":0.2841515135992509,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}