{"id":"W4406129377","doi":"10.1080/08827508.2024.2448786","title":"Technology Development of Gold Heap Leaching in Kazakhstan: An Overview","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review","topic":"Metal Extraction and Bioleaching","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Heap leaching; Leaching (pedology); Environmental science; Metallurgy; Materials science; Soil science; Tailings","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007535373,0.0006685102,0.0005040762,0.003108092,0.0005511908,0.001291749,0.0005584967,0.0008907926,0.001962077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003366547,0.0003067471,0.0005275352,0.003312544,0.0003384626,0.001246886,0.0006538252,0.0007244536,0.000753351],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001398799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002602207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003525659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004688199,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996357,0.00005986187,0.00006716844,0.00006181866,0.0001145478,0.00006082996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997881,0.00005978803,0.00004490678,0.000007937244,0.00008545729,0.00001377644],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009950819,0.000204767,0.001840952,0.02920654,0.0001131504,0.001027534,0.0006261406,0.00223469,0.02282003,0.01997636,0.009539494,0.9123108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006093169,0.0004550522,0.004832143,0.002344582,0.0001239595,0.00213057,0.000620164,0.0003939212,0.008698336,0.002547722,0.9778069,0.00004059121],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.005199396,0.9830241,0.001572108,0.0005916947,0.0002299099,0.00002284391,0.00006021886,0.00002523834,0.009274393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01651062,0.9787747,0.001572641,0.0002125987,0.0001428874,0.00001475999,0.00008944931,0.000005459296,0.002676793],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003525659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01014906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04373123946432921,"score_gpt":0.3289966211819983,"score_spread":0.2852653817176691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}