{"id":"W4406175977","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5087062","title":"Analysis of Nozzle Geometries for Hydrogen Direct Injection Internal Combustion Engine","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Internal combustion engine; Combustion; Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle; Automotive engineering; Hydrogen; Materials science; Environmental science; Mechanical engineering; Nuclear engineering; Engineering; Physics; Chemistry; Diesel cycle; Petrol engine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009387776,0.0003914329,0.0009098583,0.002454099,0.00009096419,0.00002865561,0.0006813158,0.0004555902,0.00001781767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009912996,0.000402223,0.000761349,0.001591381,0.00005923047,0.0001202897,0.0003320661,0.003471588,0.000001170985],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002042964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006136594,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006361525,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001012388,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997122,0.00002845762,0.0007801334,0.0004207752,0.0003127353,0.001335826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982826,0.0002750413,0.0005789458,0.0004565447,0.0003551923,0.00005164771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009527674,0.00005655963,0.0003358527,0.0001167385,0.00497728,5.412125e-7,0.00003354159,0.9627653,0.0009957303,0.008956818,0.00002130672,0.02164504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00144405,0.0006390554,0.000137604,0.0004627654,0.006469219,0.00005567876,0.0007569809,0.8082213,0.05571819,0.1241972,0.0008853144,0.001012637],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08583314,0.003177333,0.9093959,0.0001285804,0.0004410403,0.0002686183,0.0001266406,0.0003989987,0.0002297899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992729,0.002657484,0.002164406,0.000007095828,0.0001572458,0.00006459228,0.0001547027,0.00004021854,0.002025221],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9072315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998429,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008615838264024308,"score_gpt":0.2598316304444881,"score_spread":0.2512157921804639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}