{"id":"W4406257422","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-71522-9_99","title":"User Authentication","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"User Authentication and Security Systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Authentication (law); Computer security","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007759313,0.001339287,0.0006659406,0.001826994,0.002085651,0.00415961,0.001446166,0.001640026,0.2108902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002465057,0.0007265027,0.0006139237,0.00163669,0.0009091352,0.005472351,0.003651422,0.001875967,0.2436545],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008195111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001068809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001153615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001374586,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988366,0.0001918895,0.00004363568,0.0002033371,0.0005797625,0.0001448808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988139,0.0001839485,0.00003756935,0.0005382118,0.0003557765,0.00007059465],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001153481,0.000110418,0.0001819707,0.0002880738,0.00001139534,0.0001441268,0.0007892796,0.0004638473,0.008663944,0.2208269,0.3480611,0.4203436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005801542,0.00003894152,0.0001547694,0.00009464391,0.000008487965,0.0003755325,0.000112544,0.001395235,0.008581662,0.01537672,0.973834,0.0000216598],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001424968,0.00116663,0.08774193,0.0006086341,0.0006136652,0.0003402873,0.0006660221,0.005894639,0.9015432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01560154,0.001215527,0.01060113,0.0004536841,0.0001540394,0.0001469246,0.0007365544,0.0004909166,0.9705997],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2108902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7054981,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01556612702553784,"score_gpt":0.2385556486829165,"score_spread":0.2229895216573787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}