{"id":"W4406297541","doi":"10.1177/20556683251313762","title":"Real-time evaluation of an automated computer vision system to monitor pain behavior in older adults","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","topic":"Pain Management and Opioid Use","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; University of Toronto; University of Regina","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; AGE-WELL; University of Regina","keywords":"Dementia; Observational study; Pain assessment; Coding (social sciences); Gold standard (test); Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Severe dementia; Medicine; Nonverbal communication; Physical therapy; Psychology; Pain management; Disease; Developmental psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001440993,0.0003852898,0.0003914963,0.0005851854,0.0001812495,0.0004036541,0.0004852707,0.000458285,0.001480603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003066784,0.0001500992,0.0001809434,0.0002476615,0.0001866542,0.000301549,0.0003128296,0.0002242145,0.0003915613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002847945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003924275,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001821787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002432434,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992436,0.000293207,0.00005243923,0.0001520984,0.0002100598,0.0000486918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983708,0.0005947883,0.0001289218,0.00007967421,0.0007506806,0.00007527047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007398806,0.003811584,0.1547899,0.0006321871,0.000236574,0.0005161978,0.001672651,0.005122577,0.2365924,0.0004024729,0.004162874,0.5846617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001431361,0.02187462,0.6218526,0.0001431652,0.0003963065,0.002439607,0.0009668745,0.2278991,0.117009,0.0004605911,0.005327795,0.000198929],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9643352,0.0001793534,0.03277556,0.00007083487,0.000049508,0.0006465588,0.0002910754,0.0006184338,0.001033481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9545625,0.0001043339,0.04351081,0.0001497434,0.00003362994,0.0004510403,0.0002314589,0.00003105178,0.0009253211],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001821787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007620752,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005540041108015109,"score_gpt":0.2905532342387472,"score_spread":0.2850131931307321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}