{"id":"W4406331495","doi":"10.1287/mnsc.2021.03463","title":"Using Subsidies, Fines, and Restitution with Budget Balance to Combat Digital Piracy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Management Science","topic":"Copyright and Intellectual Property","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Subsidy; Balance (ability); Economics; Quality (philosophy); Restitution; Investment (military); Budget constraint; Microeconomics; Welfare; Public economics; Legislation; Balance of interests; Economic surplus; Business; Market economy; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005214246,0.001235192,0.001473458,0.001517743,0.001228741,0.004442034,0.001636958,0.003835669,0.01097315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02014287,0.0008973577,0.001428271,0.001149506,0.003980107,0.006895415,0.002851951,0.003673917,0.0009134071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004471336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004712927,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00819548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007608699,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965883,0.001622798,0.0001358031,0.0004569966,0.0004554937,0.0007405432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937689,0.00322508,0.001591331,0.000621279,0.0003638568,0.0004295995],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002739461,0.0005302723,0.00606415,0.0003603665,0.0001454462,0.000398094,0.0005366399,0.2229727,0.004622979,0.7109112,0.004606497,0.04857765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004397535,0.0005471376,0.005682715,0.0003803542,0.0002025143,0.0003830189,0.0006836188,0.2881565,0.003125187,0.6745616,0.02569687,0.0001407631],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2935557,0.001618775,0.5681612,0.01117223,0.0003759146,0.0008152628,0.0005346101,0.0008651377,0.1229012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9628296,0.000542931,0.02523374,0.0005814517,0.00008124865,0.0002327397,0.00005353977,0.00005928427,0.01038543],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01097315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03670889,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02176845168325456,"score_gpt":0.2439165355943656,"score_spread":0.222148083911111,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}