{"id":"W4406357445","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5039101","title":"ESG Investing and Managerial Incentives","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Sustainable Finance and Green Bonds","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Business; Industrial organization; Economics; Microeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017214,0.0002995809,0.0005992689,0.0005127834,0.0002795891,0.0002531504,0.000448561,0.0003032433,0.00002291428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002156188,0.0003579629,0.0001799452,0.0002136383,0.00008912195,0.000211745,0.0006121499,0.003376552,0.00002219817],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001081021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00133707,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004628006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000236027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966895,0.00003399252,0.0006992646,0.0005627047,0.00004678291,0.001967747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988231,0.0000417226,0.000696014,0.0003071114,0.00005783139,0.00007421537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003150795,0.00002939083,0.03226808,0.0001159697,0.0002449031,0.00001749453,0.0002758647,0.00008094409,3.867914e-7,0.9556728,0.0002632306,0.01099941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005515235,0.00006963063,0.003431135,0.0001142418,0.00002403254,0.0000661244,0.000783488,0.0003018673,0.00000273244,0.9805516,0.01374268,0.0003609532],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7311262,0.150244,0.03284547,0.004161787,0.003891672,0.0007890782,0.0001189785,0.0001365189,0.07668625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9361204,0.0338286,0.0003248673,0.0002426792,0.0008458187,0.00002521475,0.00001631652,0.0000359527,0.02856014],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2049942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01481661325902597,"score_gpt":0.2204998298489138,"score_spread":0.2056832165898879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}