{"id":"W4406385999","doi":"10.1145/3712196","title":"System Safety Monitoring of Learned Components Using Temporal Metric Forecasting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","topic":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs; Science Foundation Ireland","keywords":"Computer science; Metric (unit); Real-time computing; Systems engineering; Engineering; Operations management","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005443619,0.0001970101,0.0004519871,0.0006094514,0.0001090346,0.00001372896,0.0001300015,0.0001703065,0.000002707271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003159805,0.000211544,0.00009927656,0.0005724932,0.00002083026,0.00006367981,0.000006899633,0.0002898447,9.536467e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001285075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001330997,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009533227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000178736,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989153,0.0001255756,0.0004136204,0.0002030348,0.00009995979,0.0002424737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985166,0.001061431,0.00004565627,0.0002687603,0.00004329871,0.00006423079],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005756866,0.00001364464,0.001437481,0.0007896093,0.0002767964,0.000004279143,0.000130922,0.9271067,0.01392547,0.00006447961,0.000001220129,0.05619181],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00163312,0.0001041985,0.003660192,0.0009453691,0.0002344833,0.000135376,0.0008040969,0.9603522,0.0303344,0.0000318126,0.00130906,0.0004556243],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.207986,0.0005742075,0.7890102,0.00000538027,0.001767034,0.0001230344,0.000008761021,0.0005043693,0.00002108343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8114846,0.00003311417,0.1883607,0.000002503714,0.00003634926,0.00001832669,0.000001175625,0.00002702429,0.00003619135],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6034986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8626512,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1069848954034456,"score_gpt":0.3098304973908639,"score_spread":0.2028456019874182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}