{"id":"W4406389311","doi":"10.1002/pds.70102","title":"Masking in Active Comparator Designs in Pharmacovigilance: A Retrospective Bias Analysis on the Spontaneous Reporting of Thiazolidinediones and Cardiovascular Events","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","topic":"Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Pharmacovigilance; Masking (illustration); Pharmacoepidemiology; Pharmacology; Medical prescription; Adverse effect","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.2488507,0.001215059,0.001430678,0.001653265,0.0008194653,0.001960952,0.002218032,0.001900616,0.002381902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.43183,0.0009408462,0.0100003,0.002155531,0.001997364,0.002161843,0.00221862,0.001482931,0.0002212372],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001630965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003156238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004162155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001865239,"domain_scores_codex":[0.7037134,0.2437796,0.02302117,0.01390729,0.01420435,0.001374203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.400912,0.4492976,0.09574558,0.04250843,0.01065189,0.0008843698],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01673336,0.0005078377,0.7095544,0.00557417,0.03631604,0.0007851287,0.002240918,0.05891236,0.002583041,0.03121693,0.0024386,0.1331372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006432957,0.01214861,0.4878316,0.004149863,0.05772391,0.00255163,0.0008684851,0.3206476,0.01766345,0.06980401,0.01946228,0.000715547],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.399281,0.01004096,0.581313,0.001687078,0.0003534547,0.002985302,0.002052402,0.0003975158,0.001889339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9242288,0.0005737563,0.07236289,0.0004332353,0.00009486362,0.001051207,0.0007704279,0.00003430657,0.0004504833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7511493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9263008,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1814230525544727,"score_gpt":0.4584502471206774,"score_spread":0.2770271945662047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}