{"id":"W4406404142","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25595","title":"Biochar produced from pressed palm fibre to removal β‐carotene from crude palm oil","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Palm oil; Palm; Biochar; Carotene; Pulp and paper industry; Elaeis guineensis; Oil mill; Chemistry; Food science; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Pyrolysis","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001122568,0.000163615,0.0002148955,0.0001352679,0.00006539371,0.00007110717,0.0004145418,0.0001000123,0.00008356058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001792579,0.0001408822,0.00008283101,0.0003322778,0.0000308342,0.00005728898,0.0000200816,0.0004214543,0.00002381028],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001849056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001427744,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001425814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001604744,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991211,0.000008692347,0.000321651,0.0001504779,0.0001262222,0.0002718472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991326,0.00004960463,0.00003589856,0.0003311627,0.00008997512,0.0003607991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005342666,0.000003591707,0.00002234717,0.00002249629,0.0001097183,0.000007873998,0.0002173542,0.02307055,0.9657127,0.000117768,0.006904157,0.003806051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002329361,0.000005304037,0.0004551901,0.0001776521,0.00004822485,0.00001537451,0.00001823753,0.00411824,0.9474466,0.0002334112,0.04705427,0.0001944817],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9871762,0.002307918,0.001605488,0.007461772,0.0008055834,0.00009778261,0.00008986046,0.00009213589,0.0003631944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996551,0.00001351806,0.00239117,0.0001910851,0.0006791507,0.00001176252,0.0000126807,0.00002788635,0.0001216841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04015012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.574501,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007668268871029394,"score_gpt":0.1864758191205435,"score_spread":0.1788075502495141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}