{"id":"W4406464204","doi":"10.3390/smartcities8010011","title":"Nanogrids in Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Smart Cities","topic":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Power (physics); Systems engineering; Engineering; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000666688,0.0009491642,0.00115592,0.002259931,0.0003197338,0.001255135,0.0007686213,0.001075642,0.005766903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001099176,0.000413846,0.0005960308,0.003511705,0.0003846599,0.001938606,0.0007663669,0.00108898,0.002233478],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004843587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001438072,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001490563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002309363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997627,0.00004129483,0.00003534547,0.00004169077,0.00009795777,0.00002090345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992884,0.0004124288,0.00008946028,0.00002399955,0.0001493218,0.00003637411],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003834552,0.00006197923,0.0001985229,0.03488867,0.00008771987,0.0001570853,0.00009167897,0.001738013,0.001107357,0.01125257,0.02814773,0.9222303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006696761,0.00008119949,0.00037372,0.005821153,0.0001058893,0.0003853668,0.00005941566,0.0002337975,0.0003366669,0.002999537,0.9895762,0.00002033078],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001541643,0.9972857,0.0003877096,0.00021751,0.0001616072,0.000008785101,0.00002863854,0.00001255348,0.001743343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001164614,0.9976782,0.0003262733,0.0001257781,0.0001445291,0.000007671324,0.00004372596,0.000003173152,0.0005060129],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005766903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01929218,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01593617682263285,"score_gpt":0.2509119349388664,"score_spread":0.2349757581162336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}