{"id":"W4406483015","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.08585","title":"A Systematic Review of Machine Learning Methods for Multimodal EEG Data in Clinical Application","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Electroencephalography; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Psychology; Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"grok","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"opus","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006081127,0.0003695398,0.003075005,0.0001620303,0.00004011789,0.00003419031,0.001743626,0.0002076564,0.000007114479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009558201,0.0002487318,0.0005329089,0.0005520613,0.00007648022,0.0001186463,0.0007513887,0.0008241716,0.000126116],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004153109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000119959,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000129341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003190655,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9934573,0.002414377,0.002558116,0.001139057,0.0001850275,0.0002461944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9921072,0.005187784,0.001137414,0.001461919,0.0000428084,0.00006288884],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001400097,0.00004735918,0.00001926493,0.7974069,0.00003788996,0.00000234666,0.00001168847,2.40973e-7,0.0000149085,0.00004212163,0.00007359681,0.2023424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009945607,0.00008201678,0.000002440354,0.6875218,0.001400773,0.00002888645,0.000002232534,0.008171356,0.00001798998,0.00001617492,0.3024155,0.0002414046],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001474986,0.9821447,0.01342501,0.00006768455,0.0003903013,0.003733021,0.0001117874,0.00007313021,0.00003957966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000479531,0.9925574,0.006091825,0.0002104248,0.00009587945,0.0005490488,0.0001543791,0.00006072966,0.0002323445],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3023419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999965,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.277803916004922,"score_gpt":0.5241713610436951,"score_spread":0.2463674450387731,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}