{"id":"W4406505313","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108243","title":"Evidence update on e-cigarette dependence: A systematic review and meta-analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Addictive Behaviors","topic":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","field":"Medicine","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; Western University; Public Health Ontario; University of Toronto","funders":"Health Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health","keywords":"Meta-analysis; Psychology; Systematic review; MEDLINE; Medicine; Political science; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001133515,0.0008277579,0.01051707,0.0009205843,0.0001342414,0.00006456062,0.0003327183,0.0004674486,0.00114963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006644081,0.0005393209,0.003770462,0.002047375,0.0001295032,0.0001523562,0.0001178577,0.000904133,0.00003247121],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003280374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003277269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002701363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004542188,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954711,0.0007443244,0.001377419,0.001091993,0.0009844567,0.0003306988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964206,0.0006918131,0.0009381262,0.001438479,0.0003050829,0.0002058725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005597568,0.0001181668,0.00008622194,0.8925657,0.09980891,0.0001193715,0.00002579319,6.771547e-8,3.075695e-8,0.00004837801,0.000549577,0.006672176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005713263,0.00008103878,0.0001378281,0.2516165,0.7465021,0.00006521237,0.00000870862,9.756579e-8,6.507136e-7,0.000001592801,0.00123823,0.0002908728],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000006249223,0.9935544,0.00004613781,0.000134806,0.00007040485,0.005578535,0.0003727398,0.00009958744,0.0001372134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002666533,0.9922537,0.00001902245,0.0009363946,0.00001716404,0.003694214,0.0004580478,0.00005114352,0.002303673],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6466932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997634,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1282302397258497,"score_gpt":0.4114064671666931,"score_spread":0.2831762274408434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}