{"id":"W4406615471","doi":"10.3390/jrfm18010041","title":"Cybersecurity in Digital Accounting Systems: Challenges and Solutions in the Arab Gulf Region","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Accounting; Political science; Business","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007176638,0.00005770256,0.0001203802,0.0002706169,0.000105675,0.00008434448,0.0002983602,0.00005247875,3.193848e-8],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004708188,0.00004334381,0.00002070216,0.0002887773,0.00004747261,0.0002058857,0.000178391,0.0002277596,1.95005e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002257588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001264121,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002301863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009029096,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994152,0.0000295107,0.0002367574,0.0001198517,0.00008265365,0.0001159941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999617,0.00006653901,0.0001209879,0.0001555719,0.00002922064,0.0000106258],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003606952,0.00006046458,0.002694901,0.00002365039,0.000003077618,0.00002539702,0.001150883,0.00001660066,9.9125e-8,0.680149,0.0001057066,0.3157666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00105489,0.00007875937,0.4769232,0.0003488739,0.00002527977,0.00008406308,0.004506788,0.005047933,9.546525e-7,0.4544522,0.05731901,0.0001580997],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5225239,0.03609931,0.431145,0.006708278,0.0003016864,0.0004535289,0.000001918069,0.00002541649,0.002741045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870344,0.01243465,0.000447105,0.00004753437,0.00001993877,0.00001015026,6.852034e-8,9.260086e-7,0.000005241799],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4742283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1767509,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01043714984479074,"score_gpt":0.2118483403924039,"score_spread":0.2014111905476131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}