{"id":"W4406679957","doi":"10.3390/f16020190","title":"A Native Insect on a Non-Native Plant: The Phylogeography of the Leafminer Phyllonorycter populifoliella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) Attacking the North American Balsam Poplar in North Asia","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forests","topic":"Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","keywords":"Gracillariidae; Lepidoptera genitalia; Biology; Balsam; Ecology; Botany; Introduced species","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000238845,0.0003020651,0.0003031939,0.0001175648,0.0002523673,0.00002278635,0.0006801497,0.0001171768,0.00000386134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001469802,0.0001523755,0.000254308,0.0007457761,0.0006417499,0.000006527348,0.0002549698,0.0004074802,0.000004403944],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002308391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009223989,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004261406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06188826,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983653,0.0003275401,0.0003425185,0.0004418473,0.0001484736,0.0003743451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987866,0.0001538737,0.0002832349,0.0006432915,0.00009760453,0.00003535195],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034378,0.0001007667,0.9923261,0.00001400102,0.0002752156,0.000004246936,0.0004664052,0.0002342423,0.0001160686,0.0001935331,0.0003921518,0.005533419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005028059,0.0003280751,0.9757705,0.00004248501,0.00003913514,0.000003909688,0.0001787608,0.00006153902,0.002086263,0.00006290126,0.02073371,0.0001898712],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892474,0.0001911363,0.00006238247,0.0008880419,0.00023064,0.0006432128,0.0001253443,0.00000650162,0.008605367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976828,0.00005771788,0.00002284709,0.001738151,0.0001345502,0.0001309185,0.0001196478,0.0000137115,0.00009966015],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06146212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9552298,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00943581427589505,"score_gpt":0.2323091584046177,"score_spread":0.2228733441287226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}