{"id":"W4406733695","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/adedb3","title":"Laser-induced plasma formation and cavitation in water: from nanoeffects to extreme states of matter","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Reports on Progress in Physics","topic":"Laser-Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Sandia National Laboratories; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; U.S. Air Force; Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie; Université de Sherbrooke","keywords":"Cavitation; Plasma; Laser; State of matter; Atomic physics; Environmental science; Physics; Mechanics; Nuclear physics; Optics; Condensed matter physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002145152,0.0002287248,0.0003750471,0.000201148,0.00001378206,0.0000525029,0.0000802246,0.0001460953,0.000005851438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002003499,0.0002134935,0.00003875342,0.000127521,0.00001748227,0.000205436,0.0001277308,0.0001920567,0.000007553229],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001317477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002157848,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007008543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007428432,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985459,0.00005645186,0.0006464734,0.0003068419,0.0002433154,0.0002010231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992493,0.0001264853,0.0001596749,0.0003660438,0.00005741029,0.00004111202],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001016224,0.0004597283,0.1913362,0.002598475,0.0001353177,0.0001950062,0.006614475,0.2881848,0.04711652,0.00003603558,0.0002666168,0.4629552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002442059,0.00002621759,0.02970945,0.001413811,0.0000216363,0.00000143503,0.00003887241,0.04105045,0.9245322,0.00264137,0.00005011697,0.0002702243],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986157,0.00004558883,0.00009325674,0.00008930918,0.0002531029,0.0006844085,0.00003788036,0.00007213555,0.0001086267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998522,0.00001466792,0.0009888838,0.00001458385,0.00003096585,0.0002442382,0.0001485103,0.00002664325,0.000009443803],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8774157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8706014,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01913155801159973,"score_gpt":0.2507133004922251,"score_spread":0.2315817424806254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}