{"id":"W4406770344","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c14802","title":"Highly Accessible Electrocatalyst with <i>I</i><i>n Situ</i> Formed Copper-Cluster Active Sites for Enhanced Nitrate-to-Ammonia Conversion","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Nano","topic":"Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Suzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Electrocatalyst; Copper; In situ; Nitrate; Ammonia; Cluster (spacecraft); Ammonia production; Inorganic chemistry; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Nanotechnology; Electrochemistry; Electrode; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001065332,0.0003391736,0.0002324744,0.0001249676,0.00015303,0.0001953813,0.0005278116,0.0003160531,0.0005221788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001742969,0.0001844394,0.0001786387,0.0001239978,0.000221228,0.0002355002,0.0002151639,0.0002956148,0.0002223835],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004848497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002335125,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001427491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003821355,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998771,0.00001038642,0.000008862249,0.00003665839,0.0000431014,0.00002392447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999366,0.000009714307,0.00001773437,0.000009787903,0.00001626809,0.00000991634],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002316931,0.0000125513,0.0000810628,0.00005082116,0.000003642252,0.00004572092,0.00001115399,0.0002047435,0.9975767,0.0002260085,0.0001454891,0.001618894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003717091,0.00002448538,0.0003757277,0.00000171265,0.000004447138,0.00004257386,0.000005372561,0.002271189,0.9963456,0.00002580638,0.0008953257,0.000004132266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9797428,0.0007819451,0.01238504,0.0001411518,0.00007946457,0.00004457219,0.0002198605,0.000395083,0.006210128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911628,0.0002401384,0.006877719,0.00003238942,0.00000969585,0.00002374479,0.0001350516,0.00003518199,0.001483303],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001427491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003517866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007366921868837194,"score_gpt":0.2347563878693552,"score_spread":0.227389466000518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}