{"id":"W4406802150","doi":"10.1007/s10950-025-10279-y","title":"Improved earthquake locations through a new 1-D P-wave velocity model for the Isthmus of Panama using particle swarm optimization method","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Seismology","topic":"earthquake and tectonic studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación","keywords":"Panama; Particle swarm optimization; Seismology; Geology; Structural geology; Hydrogeology; Geodesy; Earthquake swarm; Particle velocity; Geophysics; Physics; Computer science; Mechanics; Mathematics; Algorithm; Induced seismicity; Geotechnical engineering; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004972548,0.00008714045,0.0002579985,0.0000510344,0.0001949532,0.00001605004,0.0001255263,0.00006750322,0.00007206509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002082291,0.00005818029,0.0001173341,0.0002206909,0.0000936085,0.0001323515,0.00001348613,0.0001287957,6.055904e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007270198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003562268,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00133053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004530786,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991126,0.00007629862,0.0004260654,0.0001038225,0.00009637676,0.0001848328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998648,0.0006567715,0.0003197853,0.0001253475,0.0002139253,0.00003620618],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001168727,0.00002027247,0.001168495,0.00001473058,0.0001684902,0.000001874096,0.0007845588,0.9448795,0.00004754673,0.0005857828,0.0003780646,0.05183381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005965485,0.000157656,0.009909777,0.00001585748,0.0001485084,0.00004385194,0.0003221209,0.9818401,0.0005655878,0.005753457,0.0005919329,0.0000546351],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0883486,0.001757656,0.9061592,0.003136324,0.0002866,0.0001535752,0.00001359416,0.000004971803,0.0001395335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8206618,0.0001742595,0.1781986,0.0006845456,0.00006539164,6.436213e-7,0.000002230968,0.000002236676,0.00021025],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7323132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2372523,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06771637850610839,"score_gpt":0.3073246738392328,"score_spread":0.2396082953331244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}