{"id":"W4406803348","doi":"10.1145/3714458","title":"A Survey on Speech Deepfake Detection","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ACM Computing Surveys","topic":"Speech and Audio Processing","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Natural language processing; Speech recognition; Data science; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00186267,0.001857041,0.001236382,0.003722473,0.0004232686,0.001664568,0.001865299,0.001614716,0.006637012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008070989,0.0006501083,0.0007991235,0.002614495,0.000505353,0.003404669,0.001340269,0.001482182,0.005236616],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007384215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002004297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002930968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00372148,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987281,0.0002125625,0.0001298083,0.0002760149,0.0005629276,0.0000906079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962831,0.002233007,0.0001556988,0.0001992709,0.001034898,0.00009397294],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007751967,0.00005431967,0.001259698,0.003939212,0.00008130819,0.0001015344,0.00006213644,0.00257781,0.001581348,0.004213239,0.04422457,0.9418273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003123444,0.0004108406,0.003989998,0.006341394,0.000383544,0.002209274,0.0003149459,0.03200769,0.01201418,0.01327635,0.9288794,0.0001410892],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00648705,0.8504871,0.108359,0.003625233,0.002895292,0.0002099035,0.001333333,0.002194169,0.02440888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04038556,0.8867971,0.04354163,0.003218278,0.002731398,0.0001816136,0.005096951,0.0004073854,0.01764006],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006637012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02220303,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06643258360133504,"score_gpt":0.345651544826752,"score_spread":0.279218961225417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}