{"id":"W4406849926","doi":"10.1002/esp.6047","title":"Sediment dynamics of watershed urbanization and river restoration: Insights from 10 years of research in small gravel‐bed rivers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Watershed; Sediment; Hydrology (agriculture); Urbanization; Stream restoration; Geology; Environmental science; Sedimentary budget; Sediment transport; STREAMS; Geomorphology; Geotechnical engineering; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001005685,0.000134647,0.0002812495,0.001117958,0.0003608853,0.0006956696,0.0002625215,0.0003652105,0.0006092754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001481073,0.0001148525,0.0003748312,0.001500851,0.0007677521,0.0007746044,0.0006443973,0.0003157351,0.00005893932],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008039335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005945765,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01867881,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05183878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998274,0.00006480697,0.00001691275,0.0000314729,0.00002948907,0.00002999232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990103,0.0004121748,0.0003163602,0.00005562896,0.0001214372,0.00008408771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001919258,0.0004590068,0.9164156,0.0002525935,0.0003377888,0.0008049634,0.004168089,0.02330339,0.005189758,0.002278666,0.0005722759,0.04602601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003807968,0.0001302103,0.9884644,0.0000402594,0.00006649576,0.00006259449,0.002417872,0.005781927,0.0004713653,0.0007158642,0.001828341,0.00001694527],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986957,0.0003543402,0.0002054211,0.00007899066,0.000001243168,0.000002624543,0.00006739935,0.0000022611,0.0005920047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992693,0.000350579,0.0001602353,0.00001155924,0.00000309966,0.000002852297,0.00007570394,0.000001673003,0.0001249689],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01867881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03714019,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01298646730618117,"score_gpt":0.2344800527669775,"score_spread":0.2214935854607963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}