{"id":"W4406854152","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5113685","title":"Enhanced Fault Response and Efficient Fault Analysis of Grid-Forming Converters with Virtual Impedance Control","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Converters; Grid; Fault (geology); Electrical impedance; Control (management); Computer science; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Geology; Voltage; Seismology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002120952,0.0004433936,0.0003696523,0.0002268369,0.000147746,0.0005010142,0.0003831226,0.0003266316,0.001800042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008590753,0.0001142029,0.000208856,0.0002226094,0.0003229047,0.0005737976,0.0003182546,0.0003284831,0.0001548267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001997423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001741128,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001454598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001096878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998605,0.00005115083,0.00000594378,0.00001619789,0.00004801447,0.00001807459],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998097,0.00009283386,0.0000267476,0.00003138129,0.00003220164,0.00000720417],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002826234,0.00004528512,0.0004877719,0.00007225385,0.00002163683,0.00009851529,0.00007767387,0.9245095,0.02134705,0.01051472,0.0003425565,0.04220039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002917983,0.00001094742,0.00006254239,9.771595e-7,0.00000173505,0.000007776762,0.000003523151,0.9974527,0.001173593,0.001206884,0.00007524802,0.000001157199],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0952457,0.0000922229,0.9007498,0.00004752777,0.00001994548,0.0000225496,0.00002269735,0.0002423217,0.003557299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858326,0.00003122048,0.01333468,0.000006879689,0.000004782955,0.000007635906,0.0000137169,0.0000201273,0.0007483346],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001800042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006021678,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003124499491450667,"score_gpt":0.2139507156239628,"score_spread":0.2108262161325122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}