{"id":"W4406855671","doi":"10.1162/nol_a_00161","title":"The Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Structural Brain Connectivity and Early Language Skills in a South African Birth Cohort","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Neurobiology of Language","topic":"Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute; Alberta Children's Hospital; University of Calgary","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; South African Medical Research Council; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Jacobs Foundation; National Research Foundation; Newton Fund; Wellcome Trust; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary; Brain and Behavior Research Foundation","keywords":"Toddler; Psychology; Developmental psychology; Language development; Context (archaeology); Cognition; Early childhood; Moderation; Population; Bayley Scales of Infant Development; Medicine; Psychiatry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000313251,0.0001941448,0.0005194278,0.0001712762,0.00004130357,0.000005956065,0.0001616689,0.0001423556,0.000004858225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001715785,0.0001304273,0.0000783447,0.0002383815,0.0003648627,0.00003660186,0.00009542896,0.0003563932,9.645254e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002609859,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004479792,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000132264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001224964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986063,0.0003664204,0.0002833522,0.0003440151,0.0001186675,0.0002812198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997067,0.00226882,0.0001560478,0.0004262314,0.00003010721,0.00005176118],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009141658,0.0001009056,0.5673481,0.0005890689,0.0001511149,0.000214992,0.01038555,0.00000227315,0.4139254,0.0003835116,0.00004482716,0.005940116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002171238,0.001062048,0.7685801,0.0002440741,0.00003144252,0.00001428318,0.000305307,0.000005033592,0.227479,0.00002406775,0.000006588757,0.00007679856],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967997,0.001391237,0.000003292889,0.000158629,0.0002259974,0.0009690314,0.00004174588,0.00003863098,0.0003717464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994086,0.000009045307,0.00002640632,0.0002048294,0.00002789931,0.00003208104,0.00001047791,0.00001477132,0.0002658926],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.201232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5318673,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.002806093542996168,"score_gpt":0.240017920131828,"score_spread":0.2372118265888318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}