{"id":"W4406866048","doi":"10.1002/cphc.202401074","title":"Exploring Surface State and Exciplex Dominated Aggregation Induced Electrochemiluminescence of Graphene Quantum Dots Prepared via Electrochemical Exfoliation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemPhysChem","topic":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Light Source; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Electrochemiluminescence; Graphene; Quantum dot; Exfoliation joint; Materials science; Graphene quantum dot; Nanotechnology; Surface modification; Optoelectronics; Electrode; Chemistry; Physical chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001446022,0.0002246803,0.0002642748,0.00007792617,0.00006304304,0.00001456902,0.0001322837,0.0001433951,5.888447e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001191794,0.0002258101,0.00008980223,0.0004450713,0.00009696487,0.0000183226,0.00008945497,0.0001126309,3.132903e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003554815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005833824,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001171896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003961578,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987496,0.00003076929,0.0003362034,0.000480233,0.00013513,0.0002681269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991559,0.00001956299,0.0001969305,0.000329347,0.0002425908,0.00005567552],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002024985,0.00005811532,0.0005572381,0.00006216234,0.00007649193,4.720375e-7,0.00003736501,0.000001598464,0.9963727,0.00002580155,0.00004870493,0.002556877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004104462,0.0001057674,0.0005163228,0.00006970303,0.00004248082,0.000003598828,0.00003336147,0.0005316329,0.9975246,0.0004444401,0.00009948495,0.0002181372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933856,0.0003585952,0.005847589,0.00005771432,0.00002600136,0.0001707389,0.000003008928,0.00004582227,0.000104938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965616,0.0006179537,0.002486385,0.00003722328,0.00003341865,0.00002090262,0.0001170359,0.00001679748,0.0001086574],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003361204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9208269,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01761747349786751,"score_gpt":0.266025007069706,"score_spread":0.2484075335718385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}