{"id":"W4406935503","doi":"10.33416/baybem.1581338","title":"TRACING THE EVOLUTION OF ECOMMERCE: HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS, IMPACTS OF THE PANDEMIC, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"İşletme Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi","topic":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Timeline; Pandemic; Skepticism; Quarter (Canadian coin); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Marketing; Business; History","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003957418,0.0002207697,0.000338754,0.0002601464,0.0005839739,0.00008366262,0.0003338436,0.0001042447,0.00003640547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001777435,0.0001520144,0.0001868708,0.0007653266,0.0002106595,0.0004092613,0.0003350368,0.000272816,0.000007004664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003778848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009187267,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002433728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002212909,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987057,0.00005733806,0.0005193171,0.0002757921,0.0001887594,0.0002530669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986804,0.0002065537,0.0004115675,0.0004761604,0.0002126426,0.00001272877],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003445182,0.00008052833,0.9482929,0.000113826,0.00011182,4.124978e-7,0.00016703,0.00001393874,0.0004465711,0.004962163,0.002060058,0.04371627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004041089,0.000006384093,0.8160595,0.00006404845,0.0003429494,0.000002931297,0.0006317531,0.0002636332,0.00003403344,0.0001810204,0.1818779,0.0001318073],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9735818,0.009078347,0.0001946595,0.009889974,0.001665694,0.0005395576,0.00000758308,0.00007026617,0.004972118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986841,0.0004000278,0.00003753256,0.0001502939,0.0002740526,0.00004691372,0.000004528375,0.00001731461,0.0003852432],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1798178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6198968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01417462919464437,"score_gpt":0.2454640827365739,"score_spread":0.2312894535419295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}