{"id":"W4406948175","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2025.3534437","title":"Voltage Collapse Owing to Cascading Failures Under Geomagnetic Disturbances in Electromagnetic Transient Perspective","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Electrical Fault Detection and Protection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Voltage; Ground; Electric power system; Transient analysis; Engineering; Control theory (sociology); Electrical engineering; Physics; Computer science; Power (physics); Transient response; Control (management)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001802238,0.0003078232,0.0002301619,0.0004012002,0.0003011037,0.0003377287,0.0003109174,0.0003376406,0.001068827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006172862,0.0001268694,0.0004127649,0.0003504022,0.0004014971,0.0004094037,0.000391534,0.0003138551,0.00008820841],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003647024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002312272,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008335613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004188375,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999068,0.0000287057,0.000004551705,0.00001423285,0.00002332858,0.00002233022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998484,0.00005497285,0.00003231176,0.00001524055,0.00003135271,0.00001773935],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001197948,0.00003677853,0.01093429,0.0000478657,0.00003281136,0.001278155,0.0001413295,0.9745477,0.005352222,0.002381003,0.0004341671,0.004693909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001288557,0.00006482007,0.003978292,0.000003914302,0.00001645089,0.00009128386,0.00009812877,0.9937815,0.001033066,0.0006905944,0.0002220161,0.00000706391],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9513716,0.0001026801,0.03996387,0.0001164869,0.00002948083,0.00005367831,0.0001536372,0.0003666159,0.007842014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991358,0.00003052654,0.0005381111,0.000003746989,0.000001656961,0.000006393074,0.00002384826,0.00000446961,0.0002554477],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008335613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0165742,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005276891658893636,"score_gpt":0.2290171405751135,"score_spread":0.2237402489162198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}