{"id":"W4406965329","doi":"10.1387/asju.25982","title":"Training ESL students to reproduce beat gestures in discourse leads to L2 pronunciation improvements","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Anuario del Seminario de Filología Vasca Julio de Urquijo","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Gesture; Pronunciation; Beat (acoustics); Linguistics; Speech recognition; Psychology; Computer science; Communication; Acoustics; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002580268,0.0004766001,0.0006448138,0.001078501,0.0002625762,0.0001617574,0.00140596,0.0006124343,0.0002384792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008916681,0.0005065694,0.0001499266,0.001521939,0.0001365833,0.0001319245,0.0006844461,0.001080398,0.0004404652],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008277241,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005306549,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005077436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004192451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9949617,0.0004288031,0.0007601242,0.001529189,0.0005403575,0.001779828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976012,0.0003164796,0.000142279,0.001352601,0.0001756732,0.0004117935],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001272542,0.001444835,0.6753917,0.00006087179,0.0003902686,0.0003417968,0.07408271,0.0005891232,0.03692544,0.0007427614,0.162121,0.04663695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00186017,0.001264392,0.9664395,0.0001692124,0.00008914142,0.00003427381,0.001867127,0.0000969476,0.00478171,0.001818955,0.02096842,0.000610111],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816477,0.0005367752,0.000874434,0.006072303,0.001044128,0.001714535,0.00004055785,0.000116639,0.007952902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.954563,0.00003840241,0.00181473,0.005881338,0.0001962546,0.00093524,0.00006304492,0.00006109491,0.03644687],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2910478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997386,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03192679148861099,"score_gpt":0.4068505731202571,"score_spread":0.3749237816316461,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}