{"id":"W4406978201","doi":"10.1177/13670069241311022","title":"No morphological connections between L2 past-tense and present-tense verbs for low-proficient bilinguals: Evidence from masked priming","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Bilingualism","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Past tense; Psychology; Present tense; Priming (agriculture); Linguistics; Verb; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009449788,0.0002731702,0.0004881617,0.0004383105,0.0002081837,0.0001738292,0.0008379218,0.0002002475,0.00006179113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0107871,0.0002175138,0.0002792558,0.0002048686,0.0003692583,0.0002781409,0.0002936659,0.0004816892,0.00001252477],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009496944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000232721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007509572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005321903,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971361,0.000317521,0.001040678,0.0006305798,0.0005257622,0.0003493214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9921276,0.005813629,0.0006316036,0.0002786061,0.0010024,0.0001461708],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008704666,0.0002614988,0.003836847,0.00004033502,0.0001836797,0.002394652,0.002213817,0.0001204805,0.9829403,0.0002555854,0.0008785255,0.006003809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005548177,0.00125178,0.006089507,0.002009494,0.0004715409,0.003021636,0.001401064,0.00150269,0.9455959,0.009506863,0.02271251,0.000888813],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899621,0.0006609421,0.001466347,0.003563236,0.003644323,0.0003887318,0.0001553802,0.00005333087,0.0001056227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931653,0.0002347615,0.001911504,0.002036898,0.002031661,0.00001278674,0.00001201379,0.00002077279,0.0005743154],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03734438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975455,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06654566981349151,"score_gpt":0.368887435157508,"score_spread":0.3023417653440165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}