{"id":"W4406991330","doi":"10.3390/jrfm18020064","title":"Does Information Asymmetry Affect Firm Disclosure? Evidence from Mergers and Acquisitions of Financial Institutions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Commission; University of Connecticut; Fairleigh Dickinson University","keywords":"Business; Information asymmetry; Affect (linguistics); Mergers and acquisitions; Accounting; Financial system; Finance; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004022251,0.0002168081,0.0004082816,0.001068257,0.000535874,0.001847494,0.0004728864,0.001348663,0.00273975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03623831,0.0002442689,0.0004177524,0.001257872,0.001153935,0.001637997,0.001313295,0.0009423313,0.0002891019],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007675304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000518469,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002985773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002440208,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964864,0.001380136,0.0005039086,0.000319527,0.000858612,0.0004513834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8418496,0.05974137,0.0878496,0.00595857,0.002403308,0.002197521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002383907,0.0009582548,0.9602896,0.0001781738,0.0002442189,0.0004506698,0.00104905,0.001618239,0.002253733,0.003461829,0.0005979739,0.0265143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001196235,0.0006492159,0.9902633,0.00004598129,0.000165746,0.000321444,0.0008786869,0.001551646,0.002565694,0.001992639,0.001418642,0.00002738561],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959856,0.0005350672,0.0001987281,0.0005129013,0.000005110776,0.00002180489,0.0002154776,0.00000486241,0.002520377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992546,0.0002671549,0.00007221658,0.00007265897,0.00002029408,0.0000051357,0.0001336607,8.001356e-7,0.000173391],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004022251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021272,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005875805671809029,"score_gpt":0.2178987610081369,"score_spread":0.2120229553363278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}