{"id":"W4407025032","doi":"10.1109/lra.2025.3537860","title":"Adapting to Frequent Human Direction Changes in Autonomous Frontal Following Robots","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters","topic":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Robot; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Psychology; Computer vision; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003666974,0.0002441848,0.0003132904,0.0001499856,0.0003012496,0.0002810798,0.0004084915,0.0005057761,0.0004467895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001621492,0.0002485816,0.0001886906,0.0001160566,0.0003556589,0.000467063,0.0004221691,0.0003792197,0.0001641282],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002983311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005341664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004557316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005124198,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998752,0.00003049435,0.000004915323,0.00003561494,0.00003051355,0.00002333276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995537,0.0001949345,0.00008092161,0.00005912903,0.00007000357,0.00004129289],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001210165,0.00006451389,0.004224548,0.00002933424,0.00002740366,0.0002679745,0.0002132507,0.9016991,0.02530842,0.001504389,0.0005921503,0.06594787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003642888,0.00003696102,0.0005955345,0.000001772942,0.000003408178,0.00003427826,0.00001713606,0.9968978,0.001318869,0.0009032368,0.0001834062,0.000003937219],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5061884,0.0001424729,0.4902872,0.0002818223,0.00004711503,0.00003221898,0.00003239623,0.0006658286,0.002322581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9799794,0.00003446316,0.0193015,0.00003967828,0.000007938032,0.00001024842,0.00001436385,0.00001699425,0.0005954092],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004557316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009061575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007277385109792957,"score_gpt":0.2255098501240966,"score_spread":0.2182324650143036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}